Chicago

Your aim at this point is to make the information you have match the order and formatting of the example in the style guide. This includes details such as punctuation, italicisation, and case (e.g. Title Case).   

If you're unsure about how to cite a particular source, remember that the person marking your assignment cares most of all about consistency and having enough information to be able to locate the source themselves. Check over your references to make sure they're following the same principles and formatting. 

When you use Chicago notes and bibliography style, you need to use footnotes in the body of your work to show where the information comes from. Footnotes are superscript numbers inserted in your text whenever you use a source. The information about the source of each numbered reference is given at the bottom of each page of your text (in the footer). 

Remember to check the guide carefully.  Footnotes are written differently to bibliography entries, and the first mention of a source in a footnote is written differently to subsequent citations of that source in a footnote (called ‘shortened notes’).  

When writing and formatting the footnote citation of a source, pay attention to differences in the order of the first author’s name, the punctuation, and the page number(s) mentioned, compared to the bibliography entry. 

For subsequent footnote citations of the same source (shortened notes), only essential identifying information is included in the footnote: the author, short title, and relevant page number(s). 

Include page numbers in your footnotes whenever you use quotes, specific data or a paraphrase.  

If you are summarising the main idea of the source (e.g. a book or journal article), you don't need a page number.