WARLMANPA WARLPIRI gloss
ku ]+C ku ]ARG Dative, for, to, in relation to rlu ]+C rlu ]ARG Ergative, instrumental ngu ]+C ngku ]ARG allomorph of rlu ku ]+N ku ]COMP-C Purposive kapina ]+N ku-ngarnti ]COMP+C Preparative Purposive kupa ]+N ku-purda ]COMP+C Desiderative Purposive ka ]+N kurra ]COMP+C Objective, Motion Purposive puru(?) ]+N puru ]COMP-C during, concurrent with warnu ]+N warnu ]COMP+C Resultative, Perfective Relative ngartuyu ]DAT,LOC ngarduyu ]N associates of kuma ]INF ku-jaku ]COMP-C Evitative, Negative Purposive njini ]INF ku-rlangu ]N instrument or place for palka (?) ]INF palka ]N one able to, characterised by (W,H) rla ]N rla ]CASE Locative, at, around (allomorph ngka) nga ]N ngka ]CASE allomorph of -rla wana ]N wana ]CASE Perlative, around wanawana ]N wanawana ]CASE 1. Perlative 2. in exchange for kurla ]N kurlangu ]N,CASE Possessive (cf. nyangu) nya ]PN nyangu ]N Possessive ka ]N kurra ]CASE Allative, to, towards ngurlu ]N ngurlu ]CASE Ablative, from, because (cf. jangka) jila ]N wangu ]N,CASE Privative, without, not having jarra ]N jarra ]N,CASE two, Dual panji ]N patu ]N,CASE definite plural warnu ]N jangka ]N,CASE Source, from, because; injured from mipa(?) ](N) mipa ](N) only (alternate: -mimpa) nyarrirni ](N) nyayirni ](N) very, really (alt. nyarrirni) rlangu ](N) rlangu ](N) too, also, for example, even ma ]N ju ] topicalizer (L -ji) warnu ]N warnu ]N,CASE from, alongside parna ]N parnta ]N,CASE pertaining to (in E, cf. kurlu) warnu ]N pirdinypa ]N definite specific, cf. -purdinypa nginja ]N piya noun ]N,CASE like, resembling wartingi ]N wardingki ]N resident of, associate of kanjayi ]N kanjayi ]N as the distance and direction of karta ]N karda ]COMP Translative kanyanu ]N kari ]N other, another kuma ]N kujaku ]COMP-C Evitative, lest, beware of ngarnarra ]N ngarna ]N denizen of nji ]N nji ]N person pejoratively characterised by partu (?) ]N pardu ]N Diminutive ja-rra ] jarri ]V1 become nja ]V nja ]INF (forms Infinitive, on V root (conj. 1,3) or NPast) rni ~ rti ]V,PV rni ] to here, towards speaker rra ]V,PV rra ] away, on jala ] jala ] of course, obviously, actually yi ] juku ] still, yet lku ] lku ] and then, then, now nya ] nya ] emphatic, focus, interrogative wiyi ] wiyi ] first wu ] wu ] on shouted exclamation (follow Aux.) yijala ] yijala ] also ja ]C mparra ]C along the side, across nginti ]C nginti ]C to the side of purta ]C purda ]C towards, facing (also on kuja, nyarrpara) rni ]C rni ]C hither rra ]C rra ]C towards mirnimirni ]K mirnimirni ]N dyadic for initiation kinship terms na ]K na ]N my nyanu ]K nyanu ]N anaphoric possessor puka ]K puka ]N bereaved kinsman jupu ]K puraji ]N your nginta ]K rlangu ]N dyadic rra ]K rra ]N dyadic with Ego's subsection wurtuwurtu ]K wurduwurdu ]N avoidance anaphoric
WARLMANPA WARLPIRI gloss rna rna 1s ju ju (~ -ji) 1o ja rlijarra 11s jangu jarrangku 11o li rli 12s ngali ngalingki 12o n(ku) npa 2s ngu ngku (~ -ngki) 2o npala npala 22s ngupala ngkupala (~ ngkipala) 22o rla rla 3io pala pala 33s palangu palangu 33o rna-lu rna-lu 111s nganpa nganpa 111o lpa(lu) rlipa 122s lpangu ngalpa 122o nku-lu nkulu (~ -nkili) 222s nyangu nyarra (~ -nyurra) 222o lu lu 333s jana jana 333o nyanu nyanu Refl 1-2-3-Dat s-o-Dat [order] Abbreviations: 1 1st person 12 1st person inclusive 13 1st person exclusive 2 2nd person 3 3rd person s subject o object
Reference:
Nash, David. 1996. Pronominal clitic variation in the Yapa languages:
some historical speculations, pp.117-138 in Studies in Kimberley
Languages in Honour of Howard Coate, ed. by William
McGregor. München: Lincom Europa.
Summary of comparison of Warlmanpa and Warlpiri
Warlmanpa
Australia languages
Central Australia