Published references to Laves

Publications and theses drawing on Laves' work

• Hoddinott, W.G. 1978. The languages and myths of the New England area, pp.52-64 in Records of Times Past, ed. by Isabel McBryde. Canberra: AIAS. (Ethnohistorical series, 3) * p.60 cites Laves 1929 ms. 'Two Gumbainggar legends'
• Hiatt, L.R. 1985. Maidens, Males and Marx: some contrasts in the work of Frederick Rose and Claude Meillassoux. Oceania 56.1, 34-46.
AIATSIS Library annotation: Explores the application of Marxist concepts of class interest and ideology to gerontocracy in Aboriginal society, particularly the control of women, knowledge and economic resources; reviews Rose's work on gerontocratic polygyny and analyses a narrative collected by G. Laves

Linguistics references subsequent to accession of Laves' material at AIATSIS Library

• Sands, Anna Kristina. 1989. Grammar of Garadjari, Western Australia. Bachelor of Arts Thesis, Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200 * [Karajarri] ASEDA item 0592
• Reid, Nicholas. 2004. Phrasal verb to synthetic verb: recorded morphosyntactic change in ngan'gityemerri, pp.95-123 in The non-Pama-Nyungan languages of northern Australia edited by Nicholas Evans. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics 552. * pp.104ff uses Laves' 1930 records
  Phrasal verb to synthetic verb : structural change in Ngan'giwumirri, 20pp. Paper given at an Australian Linguistic Society Conference Workshop on Comparative non-Pama-Nyungan, Mannix College, Monash University, 24 Sept. 1989 ; Typescript.
  AIATSIS Library annotation: Daly River syntactic changes; comparative data from other Daly languages; commentary on work of Gerhardt Laves
• Reid, Nicholas John. 1990. Ngan'gityemerri : a language of the Daly River region, Northern Territory of Australia. xxii+456pp. + 4 sound cassettes. Thesis (Ph.D.), Department of Linguistics, Arts, Australian National University.
• Austin, Peter. 1992. A dictionary of Gamilaraay northern New South Wales. Department of Linguistics, La Trobe University. * p.27 briefly mentions Laves
• Austin, Peter. 1993. A reference dictionary of Gamilaraay northern New South Wales.Department of Linguistics, La Trobe University. * some kinship entries give Laves as a source, e.g. bagaan-di p.1, bathii p.3, bawa p.4, bubaa p.5, galamaay p.10, garrimaay p.12, waabi p.29
• Merlan, Francesca. 1994. A Grammar of Wardaman. A Language of the Northern Territory of Australia. (Mouton Grammar Library 11) Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. * p.9: mentions Laves 'worked with Wardaman speakers in Darwin'.
• Triffitt, Geraldine. 1995. What is written on your language? How do you obtain access to it?, pp. 13-33 in Paper and Talk, ed. by Nick Thieberger. Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press. * p.18; p.21 mentions Laves' vocabularies at AIATSIS: "They were sent from the United States where they stored in an attic for many years.  Unfortunately, the storage was inadequate and water obliterated much of the writing on the cards."
• McBryde, Isabel. 1997. 'Worth a thousand words'? Words, images and material culture: a New England case study, pp.311-340 in Archaeology and Linguistics. Aboriginal Australia in Global Perspective, edited by Patrick McConvell & Nicholas Evans. Melbourne: Oxford UP. * a section 'Gerhardt Laves', pp. 330-1 includes quotation from Laves' letters
• Terrill, Angela. 1998. Biri. viii+108pp. (Languages of the world : Materials ; 258) München: Lincom Europa, Paul-Preuss-Str. 25, D-80995 München, Germany * p.4: 'Gerhard [sic] Laves collected 8 words from an unnamed Aborigine at Hughenden (Laves 1929-1932).'
• Nicholas Reid. 2002. Creating Aboriginal Place-names: applied philology in Armidale City, in The land is a map edited by Luise Hercus, Flavia Hodges and Jane Simpson. Canberra: Pandanus Books, in association with Pacific Linguistics. (Paper presented at Place-names of Indigenous Origin in Australia: An Interdisciplinary Workshop. Sunday 31st October 1999, Department of Linguistics, ANU, Canberra. 9pp. handout.) * p.9: source 3, Laves "single text in 'Anewan' by Jack Malone at Bowraville".
• Zandvoort, Franklin. 1999. A grammar of Matngele. December 1999. BA (Hons) subthesis, Linguistics, University of New England. * Appendix 3: Laves text 272, pp.158-65.
• Lissarrague, Amanda. 2000. A salvage grammar of Dunghutti. November 2000. BA (Hons) subthesis, Linguistics, University of New England. xix+206pp. * Laves, p.15
• Schultze-Berndt, Eva. 2000. Simple and complex verbs in Jaminjung. A study of event categorisation in an Australian language. MPI Series in Psycholinguistics, 24. PhD dissertation, Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, Netherlands. * p.15: "It appears that around 1930, Gerhard [sic] Laves also did some work on Jaminjung, but I have no information on the extent to which Jaminjung is documented in his fieldnotes"
• Muurrbay Aboriginal Language and Culture Co-operative. 2001. A Gumbaynggir Language Dictionary. Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press. ISBN 0855753838 * Foreword by Br Steve Morelli; uses Laves mss.; some entries sourced to Laves
• Sharp, Janet. 2003. Karajarri, historical and contemporary connections with country and kin, pp.20-25 in Maintaining the Links: Language, Identity and the Land, ed. by Joe Blythe & R. McKenna Brown. Proceedings of the Seventh FEL Conference. Broome. Western Australia. 22-24 September. Bath, UK: Foundation for Endangered Languages. ISBN 0-9538248-5-3 * p.23?5, includes Laves Text No. 2
• Bowern, Claire. 2003. Laves' Bardi texts, pp.137-143 in Maintaining the Links: Language, Identity and the Land, ed. by Joe Blythe & R. McKenna Brown. Proceedings of the Seventh FEL Conference. Broome. Western Australia. 22-24 September. Bath, UK: Foundation for Endangered Languages.  ISBN 0-9538248-5-3
• John Henderson, Andrew Gargett, David Nash, and Denham Harry. 2003. Interpretation and re-presentation of historical language materials: Laves' 1931 Nyungar notes. Presented to the Australian Linguistic Society annual meeting, University of Newcastle, 27 September 2003. [abstract]
• Bowern, Claire (compiler). 2004. Bardi Stories from the Laves collection. Photocopied A4 booklet. Edited by Nancy Isaac, Bessie Ejai, Maggie Davey and Claire Bowern. [Laves' stories 63, 78, 82, 83, 90, 91, 96-100, 101Q, 127, 129, 155, 157] 70 pages.
• John Henderson. 2006. Right(s), Permission(s) and Protocol(s) in Language Documentation: Laves' 1931 Noongar Field Notes. Departmental Seminar, Hans Rausing Endangered Languages Project, 3th June. Room B111, Brunei Gallery, SOAS, Russell Square, Bloomsbury, London. [abstract]
• Claire Bowern's 2007- project The language of Bardi (BCJ) Precontact Narratives funded by Documenting Endangered Language Grants joint program of NSF and NEH * related blog postings: Multilingual gem (Sat, Apr 19, 2008 3:22), Today’s Laves pick (Fri, Apr 25, 2008 11:38), The 4000th Bardi dictionary word (Thursday, April 17th, 2008), New morpheme! (Tuesday, April 15th, 2008), Documentation and Historical Linguistics (Sunday, March 9th, 2008), Laves update (Wednesday, February 6th, 2008), The Laves Texts (precontact narratives) (27 May 2007)
• Bowern, Claire. 2008. History of research on Jawi and Bardi, pp.59-84 in The history of research on Australian Aboriginal languages, edited by William McGregor. Pacific Linguistics 591. * especially §3.4 The Laves corpus, pp.63-66, including 'Plate 3.1 Sample page of Laves' notebooks'
• 2008: William McGregor's 'Introduction', and 'History of fieldworkwork on Kimberley languages', and DC Moore's paper on TGH Strehlow, all in The history of research on Australian Aboriginal languages, edited by William McGregor. Pacific Linguistics 591

Brief published mentions of Laves

• Thone, Frank. 1929. The world is their classroom. Science News-Letter, Oct 5, 1929, pp.203-5.
p.204: 'Another and remoter British dominion, Australia, will be the field in which Gerhardt Laves expects to work.  He has left for the southern continent, where he expects to gather material for his doctor’s dissertation among the black aborigines.  [...] But it is in their language that Mr. Laves is especially interested. [...] Since very little study has been devoted to the language of the Australian natives, practically everything he catches will be “new specimens”.'
• Notes and news. Oceania 1.1(April 1930), 120.
'Mr. Gerhardt Laves of the University of Chicago has been making a study of the Kumbaingeri language of the north coast of New South Wales. He is proceeding to Western Australia, where he will study selected native languages on both sides of the Ninety Mile Beach.'
• Reports and proceedings. Anthropology at Brisbane. Oceania 1(1931), 248. [ANZAAS 28 May - 4 June 1931]
'A paper by Mr. Gerhardt Laves, M.A., "A Preliminary Grammar of the Kumbaingeri Language," which analyzed the process of word formation, and discussed the principle of suffixation, was then presented.'
• Notes and news. Oceania 2.1(Sept 1931), 110.
'Mr. G. Laves also left Australia for America in August. He completed his survey of Australian languages, returning from Darwin overland, paying a brief visit to Townsville en route.'
• Cole, Fay-Cooper. 1932. The Department of Anthropology. Among the Departments. University Record, New Series, 18.3(July), 207-210.
[implied mention at p.208]: “During its short history its [the department’s] graduate students have conducted research in Africa, Borneo, Australia, the South Seas, the Gobi Desert, Sicily, in addition to numerous investigations in North, Middle, and South America.”
• Tindale, Norman B. 1940. Distribution of Australian Aboriginal tribes: A field survey. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 64(1): 140-231. * Baada (sc. Bardi) entry (p.201) lists as a source 'Lavis ms.'  * repeated in 1974:239, Aboriginal Tribes of Australia. Canberra: ANU Press * search at the Tindale collection at the Archives of the SA Museum so far has not turned up this MS
  
• Hill, Ernestine. 1940. The great Australian loneliness. 2nd edition. Melbourne: Robertson and Mullens Limited. * from a journey began in July 1930 * p.199: "There was also a philologist from Philadelphia University, Gerard Laves, collecting blacks' languages on a gramophone, but the gramophone got badly water-logged, and the records curled up, and he lost heart, too." [thanks to alert from M. Walsh]
• Elkin, A.P. 1944. Introduction, pp.1-2 in Aranda Phonetics and Grammar by TGH Strehlow. Oceania Monographs no. 7. Sydney: Australian National Research Council. [thanks to mention by DC Moore 2008] * p.1: "... the Australian National Research Council gave the opportunity to an American linguist to study for two years (1930-31) selected languages in the north-west and on the east coast of Australia.² fn2: Unfortunately, his results have not yet been published."
  
• Stanner, W.E.H. 1960. Durmugam, a Nangiomeri, in In the company of man: twenty portraits of anthropological informants, ed. by Joseph B. Casagrande. New York: Harper & Row. (Originally published in 1960 by Harper & Brothers as In the company of man: twenty portraits by anthropologists)* p.74: "late in 1931 a chance meeting with Gerhardt Laves, the linguist, persuaded me to change the plan." [to carry out field work at Turkey Creek and instead go to the Daly, on the grounds that there were lots of myalls there] * reprinted in Stanner 1979
• Moyle, Alice M. 1966. A handlist of field collections of recorded music in Australia and Torres Strait. Canberra: Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies * a page lists Laves' wax cylinder recordings
• Capell, Arthur. 1971. History of research in Australian and Tasmanian languages. In: Thomas A. Sebeok (ed.), Current trends in linguistics, Volume 8: Linguistics in Oceania, 661-728. The Hague: Mouton. * pp.681-682 brief mention
• Tindale, Norman B. 1974.  See 1940 above.
• Eades, Diana. 1979. Gumbaynggir, pp.244-361 in Handbook of Australian Languages [1], ed. by RM Dixon & Barry J. Blake (eds). Canberra: ANU Press. * p.260 cites two typewritten texts (12pp. 40pp.) 'in the AIAS library'.
• Stanner, W.E.H. 1979. White man got no dreaming : essays 1938-1973. Canberra, [etc.]:Australian National University Press 1979 * p.80: reprint from 1960 (see above)  [thanks to P. Sutton]
• 1987. Early field recordings : a catalogue of cylinder collections at the Indiana University Archives of Traditional Music / edited by Anthony Seeger and Louise S. Spear. Bloomington : Indiana University Press, c1987. 198 p. ; 25 cm.  * lists Laves' wax cylinder recordings
• Nash, David. 1993. Obituary. Australian Aboriginal Studies 1/1993 [1994],101-2.
• Alpher, Barry. 1994. When non-Aborigines consider Aboriginal languages, pp.101-132 in Aborigines in Australian Society: A Resourceful Book. ed. by Diane Bell & Ann J. Cahill. Center for Interdisciplinary and Special Studies. Worcester, MA : College of the Holy Cross.  ISBN 0-96361-181-X * AIATSIS B B433.28/A1

"Also from the first three decades of this century, but virtually unknown to other linguistic investigators until very recently, is the work of Gerhardt Laves. An anthropology student at the University of Chicago, he surveyed in 1929-31 a number of the languages of New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory, and Western Australia, and did in-depth work on a few of them, notably Gumbaynggir and Karajarri. His phonetic transcription is generally quite good; his grammatical terminology follows the usage of Sapir, one of the leading theoreticians of the day, then at Chicago. Laves appears to have been on the verge of discovering the closeness of relationship of the languages of Northern Cape York to those of southern Australia; he probably would have achieved this insight had he not limited his standard short survey wordlist to a few body-part terms. His notes, at any rate, have remained unpublished to the present day and have only recently been acquired by the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies; they are of value to a number of contemporary scholars."

• Gray, Geoffrey. 1994. 'Piddington's indiscretion': Ralph Piddington, the Australian National Research Council and academic freedom.  Oceania 64.3(March), 217-245. * p.239 in letter from Gibson to May, 4 July 1934 (MS482, 859A)
• Gray, Geoffrey. 1997. 'Mr Neville did all in [his] power to assist me': AP Elkin, AO Neville and anthropological research in northwest Western Australia 1927-1928.  Oceania 68.1(Sept), 27-46. * p.40 in table entry for WA "1929-31"
• Gray, Geoffrey. 1997 [appeared 1999]. '[I]n view of the obvious animus': The discrediting of Ralph Piddington. Aboriginal History 21, 113-132. * pp.115, 120n49
• Firth, Raymond. 1998. Anthropologists and Aborigines 65 years ago. Australian Aboriginal Studies 1998/1,40-42. * p.40: mentions Laves along with 1932 researchers working out of the University of Sydney.
• Howard, Bob. 2002. All should speak Noongar. Soapbox item. West Australian 9 July 2002, page 19. * mention of Laves Albany materials
• Bowern, Claire. 2003. Laves' Bardi texts, pp.137-143 in Maintaining the links: Language, identity and the land, edited by Joe Blythe and R Kenna Brown. Foundation for Endangered Languages VII  International Conference, Broome, WA, 22-24 September 2003 Bath: Foundation for Endangered Languages. * p.143 includes a facsimile of Laves notebook page 139
• Sharp, Janet. 2003. Karajarri, historical and contemporary connections with country and kin, pp. 20-25 in Maintaining the links: Language, identity and the land, edited by Joe Blythe and R Kenna Brown. Foundation for Endangered Languages VII  International Conference, Broome, WA, 22-24 September 2003 Bath: Foundation for Endangered Languages. * p.24, including Laves Text No. 2
• Gray, Geoffrey. 2004. I wonder whether our tents will arrive in time: an anthropological journey of Ralph Piddington, Marjorie Barnes and Gerhardt Laves. Presented on Friday 19 November in History Strand 2 (organised by The History Council of Western Australia) in State Conference WA 2029: A shared journey. 17-19 November 2004, Perth Convention Exhibition Centre. • published Gray 2006
• Sutton, Peter. 2004. Review article. Ian Keen Aboriginal economy and society: Australia at the threshold of colonisation. OUP 2003. Australian Aboriginal Studies 2004/2, 101-4. * p.101: "although in the south-west of Western Australia he does not take account of the unpublished field data of Gerhard [sic] Laves. Keen's analysis of social and totemic organisation for this region (pp.155-60,187-90) may have been rather different had he used Laves's excellent material."
• Bagshaw, Geoffrey. 2003. The Karajarri claim: a case-study in Native Title anthropology. Oceania Monograph 53. Sydney: The University of Sydney. * p.33n22 and note ix (p.106), p.33n23, p.101 * see Gray 2006:33n20
  
• Meltzer, David. 2006. FOLSOM: new archaeological investigations of a classic Paleoindian bison kill. University of California Press. ISBN 0520246446 * p.89: crew photo including GL;  a brief section on GL's 1928 survey at Folsom
• Read, Peter. 2005 [appeared April 2006]. Many exchanges, many ripples — the work of Professor Isabel McBryde. Aboriginal History 29,138-41. * pp.138-9 "... Isabel sitting in the AIATSIS Library reading for the first time the records of the linguist Gerhard [sic] Laves who worked with the Old People of New South Wales in thelate 1920s. … "
• Bowern, Claire. 2006. Laves’ Centenary. http://anggarrgoon.wordpress.com/2006/07/17/laves-centenary/ (accessed 18 July 2006)
• McGregor, William B. (editor). 2006. Australian languages (Trends in Linguistics Documentation 24) by Hermann Nekes and Ernest A. Worms.  Mouton de Gruyter; Bk&CD-Rom edition. * p.28: "Gerhardt Laves, a student of Edward Sapir, did fieldwork on various Australian languages in 1929–1931, but left linguistics almost immediately afterwards with virtually nothing published."
• Dr Brunton, quoted in para 401 of Statement of Justice Wilcox. Bennell v State of Western Australia [2006] FCA 1243 (19 September 2006). Federal Court of Australia. * '… A number of names that Tindale identified in the south of the Single Noongar claim area were also obtained in slightly variant forms as names for ‘languages’ or dialects nearly a decade earlier by Gerhardt Laves …'
• Gray, Geoffrey. 2006. 'a triune anthropologist appears'?: Gerhardt Laves, Ralph Piddington and Marjorie Piddington, La Grange Bay, 1930. Australian Aboriginal Studies 2006/1,23-35. • cf. Gray 2004
• 'Gifts from the past', Kiangardarup blog http://kiangardarup.blogspot.com/2007/01/gifts-from-past.html, 20 January 2007 * repatriation of  texts recorded at Albany